Many of them also became sources of milk, cheese, and butter. The predecessors of most of these animals had once been hunted for hides and meat. People also domesticated cattle and pigs. Sheep and goats were probably domesticated next. The first domesticated animals were dogs, which were used for hunting. Hunter-gatherers began to domesticate animals and change the natural environment to grow more food even before settled farming became widespread.īarley, wheat, legumes, vetch, and flax were among the first plants to be domesticated. Adapting wild plants and animals for people to use is called domestication. When people began growing crops, they also continued to adapt animals and plants for human use. Scholars are not sure why this shift to farming took place, but it may have occurred because of climate change. Between 10,000 and 12,000 years ago, people gradually learned how to grow cereal and root crops, and settled down to a life based on farming.Įventually, much of Earth’s population became dependent on agriculture. Before agriculture became widespread, hunting and gathering was how people fed themselves. Over centuries, the growth of agriculture supported the development of cities. These products, as well as the agricultural methods used, may vary from one part of the world to another. Agriculture also provides wood for construction and paper products. Cotton, wool, and leather are all agricultural products. It includes the preparation of plant and animal products for people to use and their distribution to markets.Īgriculture provides most of the world’s food and fabrics. Agriculture is the art and science of cultivating the soil, growing crops, and raising livestock.
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